Window frame



C. HORTMAN W INDOW FRAME Feb. 28, 1933.

Filed Dec. 24, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l 5 w l. 7 f M 2 mfiu IIIIII mfg. Q2m & \.n

Srmentor C Z aude Hoffman Patented. Feb. 28, 1 933 f' vide awindow frameconstructed so as to.

CLAUDE HORTMAN, 'orivnw onL'EANs,roursmnn'nssrenon; BY 'MESNE;;.ASSIGN-MENTS, TO THE 'HORTMAN-SALMENCOMPANY,1INCORPORATEDQOE NEW"ORLEAN SLOUISIANA, A CORPORATION OF LOUISIANA,

, 'Wmnow 34M r Application filed-Decexnber 24i 193 1. fserial in.583,126.

' Theinvention forming the subject matter of this application relates.to window frame construction of the usualsliding sash type. i The mainobject of the invention is to provide a weather proof Window frameconstructed so as tobe readily adapted for use with different forms ofbuilding constructionsuch as brick veneer, shingles, stucco, orj I I j 1Figure {1' 1s a fragmentary spective of'thewindow sill,

'ticular form of joint between the lower ends masonry walls, drop ,orlap'siding. Another, object of the invention is to proprevent' air andmoisture seeping from the outside of thebuilding to the inside thereof,and having relatively few parts interchangeabletoadapt the frames foruseJin various types of building construction.

, A further object of theinvention isto pro- 7 vide a window' frameconstruction in which the jambs arerconnected to the sill so as toeliminate the water trap commonly formed the ends of the jambs and the,partingstrip,

in the frames heretofore in general use.

Still another object of the invention 1s to construct the sill so as torecelve a continu- .ous wedge; member atits' bottom to eliminate the-useof loose wedges on the job, and-to ensure that the sill remains inposition under the impact of blows resulting from the 'constant raisingand loweringfof' the window sashes. f p

Another object of the invention is to provide a window frameconstruction in which the outside casing and jambs are connected by atongueiand groove joint covered by a blind stop which takes the place oftheordinary outside casing projection, used toform one side of thegroove in which the outside sides in .an improved construction betweenthe sill of the frame and the window stool: whereby weather, isprevented fromseepingv through the frame from the outside of the sill totheinner walls of the building.v

' Other objects of the invention will become apparent as thedetailed'description thereof ll c'Oc'eeds.

In the drawings: A W e F lgure 1 1s afragmentary perspective viewclearness, of disclosure;

showing the par of the jambs and the sills; a

' Figure '5 is a fragmentary vertical transverse section through thehead of" the window frame and the trim connected thereto, andillustrating a modification frame construction shown in- Figure 1;Flgure dis a horizontal section taken exploded perof the window throughan'intermediatemullion of a multi-' ple window frame, constructed inthesame" manner as that generally disclosed in Figure 5;and

Figure 7 is a vertical transverse section 3 through a windowlsillconstructed in accordance'with the present invention;

- As'jshown in Figures '1 to (at of the drawings, the window framecomprises a pair of jar'nbs 1 and 2' (seeFigure-4n) ,-connected at theirlower ends to a sill '3, and at their upperends to ahead 4. 1 The sill 3is machined near its inner edge toform a downwardly [and outwardlybeveled shoulder 5 which is adapted to contact {with'the correspondinglyI beveled bottom rail of the insidesash when the latter isflowered inclosing position againstthe sill 3; The shoulder 5 intersects the planeface 6 of the sill; andthis plane face continues to a second shoulder?formed by arabbet 8, terminating at the round cor- ;nered outer edge 9ofthesill.

The uppe'rnarrow face 10 of. the sill im-' mediately back of the beveledshoulder 5 is provided with aigroove'll to receive a strip 12 of brassor other suitable material which projects from the upper face 10' into agroove outof a singlepiece of fmaterialr'abbeted 13 formed in the lowerface ofa rabbet 14: i

iwith which the bottom face of the window stool 15 ,is provided. FromFigure-.1 of the drawings, it. is evident that the vertical face of the.rabbet 14 forms a shoulder seating against the inner face of the sill 4.A packing strip 16 nailed against the inner vertical face of the sill 4below the stool 15 serves to receive the apron 17 forming a trim finishagainst the plaster board or other suitable finishing material 18 of thebuilding construction in which the frame is used.

The outside of the sill 4 is machined to form an inclined rabbet 19adapted to receive a wedge shaped strip 20 extending throughout thelength of the sill, and seated upon a 1 and down in their guide. groovesin the side jambs.

The wall-in which the frame is mounted is shown as formed by janouterlayer of sheathing 22 covered by siding 23. The lowor face of thesill 4,,is provided with a groove 24adapted to receivethe upper edge ofthe siding .23 and forms therewith. a weather proof joint to prevent airand moisture leaking into the inside of the building from the outsidethereof. Thesill has its outer edges rounded off to prevent slivering ordenting and the lower face of the sill nearthe outer ed e thereofisprovided with a weather drip 25. It will be apparent that the Slllconstruction at the lower facethereof pro- 6 groove vides a perfectly.weather tight and solid joint between the sill itself and the wall inwhich the frame is set. r

7 Referring to Figure 4, attention 15; directed to the fact that theouter edges of the window jambs 1 and 2 terminate a short distance fromthe shoulder 7 on the sill 4, (see Figure 2). The lower end of the jamb1 is rabbeted on its front face to form a'tongue 26 fitting tightly intothe dado 27 formed in the sill 4. The shoulder 28 -formed by this rabbetfits, as a lip, closely againstthe upper face 'of the sill 4.

In the ordinary window frame construction, the dado 27 is made as wideas the jamb is thick, and forms a well having one edge directly open tothe weather, with the face of the jamb serving as a means for conductingrain, snow and moisture directly to this edge. This poor construction isusually aggravated by the parting bead groove 30 extending to thebottomof the sill dado, and

7 not being filled by anything, since the parting head is always stoppedagainst the'upper face of the sill. In this invention, the window silldado is completely filled throughout its length, and theshoulder 28prevents direct access of moisture thereto.

The parting bead groove 30 is less in depth 4 than the shoulder 28, sothatthe bottom of groove 30 terminates against the upper face of sill 4and allows part of shoulder 28 to remain as a protection for the dadojoint between the jamb and sill. It will be apparent that thisconstruction completely eliminates the. water trap formed at the sillend of the parting bead in a window frame of ordinary construction.

The joint between the sill 4 and jamb 2 is exactly the same as the jointbetween the sill-andjamb 1. The same joint is used between the sill andthe jambs of any intermediate sash box mullion of a multiple sash frame.

The stile 31 of the outside casing has its lower end butted against thehorn 32 of the sill 4, and this end is rabbeted to fit over the beveledweather drip shoulder-7 and permit theinner face of stile 31 to contact.with the edge of jamb 1. As shown clearly in Figure 2, the edge of thejamb 1 has a head 33 seated in afigroove 34 formed inthe back face ofthe stile 31. V

The bead 33 is not centered on the edge of the jamb 31; it .is locatedtoward the rear face of the jamb so that it extends clear down to thebottom of the dado 27 in the sill 4. Preferably the edge of the bead 33is flush with the bottom of the shoulder 7 so that when thelower end ofstile'31 is rabbeted, I

the edge of the head will fit against the stile throughout its length.The sill dado is of the same depth throughout its length; and,preferably, has its bottom flush with the upper the shoulder 7. and therounded edge 9,

thereby eliminating any weather trap which would occur if the dado wereof greater depth.

The upper end of the stile 31 has atongue 1 35 formed thereon to fitinto a groove 36 formed in the lower edge of the head 36 of the outsidecasing. This casing head 36 extends along the head 4 from one jamb toanother of the window frame and the groove 36 then constitutes a dripgroove to prevent water or moisture creeping toward the head 4.

' The head 4 is of the same width as the jambs 1 and 2; and has one edgeprovided with a' groove, while the other edge has a tongue 38 formedthereon to fit in a groove 39in the rear face of the casing head 36. Theupper edge of the head 36 is squared to seat in a rabbet 40 formed inthe lower face of a cap moulding 41, having the usual drip groove 42.The upper face of the moulding 41 is downwardly beveled to shed theweather, and a rib or flange 43 is formed thereon to provide a seat forthe lower edge of siding 44 or other finish for the outer wall of thebuilding.

The window jamb and head construction vary somewhat with the characterof the wall in which the window is to be arranged.

sloping surface 8 of the sill between a Where the siding 44 is to bedirectly applied to the-studding,as shown for example in Figure 5, the jambs 1 and 2'and the head'4 are each madein one piece. In order to usethe same "style of outside casing,,jambs, sill and head Where sheathingis interposed between the Figure 2) has a strip 46 secured to the inneredge thereof. This strip 46 is provided with a tongue 47- fitted intoagroove 48 formed or not, as desired.

on the inner edge of the jamb 1; The strip 46 is'also provided with agroove 49 adapted to receivena tongue similar to tongue 47 on a stripsimilar to'strip 46- in cases where it is desired or .necessary to usewider a-mbs;

which may be widened merely; by securing several edges of strips 46 tothe edges of the window jambs. These strips 46 may be continued downpast. the sill to form a backing for the apron 17 The strip 16 can beused corresponding construction will, of course, be necessaryffor thehead of this type a in cross section to the strip 46 must be nailed orotherwise secured to the inside edgeof the .head 4, which has itssaidinside edge 811111131? ly grooved to receive the tongue formed on.said strip. The captrim 53 may have its lower edgeprovidedwith a tongue54 adapted to fit into'the groove 55 of the strip 52 or I to fitintothegroove 56 formed on t-heinner head. A bead 58 may be suitably securedin.

7 formed between the edg'e'of the head 4 to receive the-tongue 57 of,The tongue 54 is usually in the strip 52 to receive the tongue of asimilar strip, used to increase the width of the the rabbet formed bythe cap-trim and the edge of :the strip 56-extending below the groove orgroove 56, as the case may be.

The sash bead 58; is'used to cover the joint stiles 59 and the strip 46,.of the jamb 1 whenever the strip 46 is omitted.

bead 60 is. seated in' the usual.

The parting manner in the groove30 formed in the jamb 1. Attention isdirected to thefact that the groove 30 is not sufiiciently deep tohavethe bottom thereof aligned with the faceofthe tongue 26 at the lowerendof the j amb. This construction is provided to eliminate any chanceof weather creepingunder the end of the stop bead60 to the joint betweenthe tonguei26 and the "dado 27 in the window A particular feature of"the invention re-- sides in the arrangement of the adjustable" blindstop 62 to cover the joint between the stile 31 of the outside casingand the jamb 1 of the window frame. Of course, it will be understoodthat the sameconstruction of designed to preventwater blind stopextendsalong the head of theframe and along the j amb 2 at the otherside of the Window. I. V a a In the formshown in Figures 5 and 6 of thedrawings,the strips 46 and 52 are omitted,

because in thisacase the outside sheathingis omittedand thesidingisnaileddirectly to the studding. In order to use the same thickness ofsash inthis modification of frameall that is necessary is to use a sashbead 63 of parent that the same outside casing and the 3 same =jamhs,head and sill of. the window frame may be used. All that is necessary tocompensate for the omission of the'sheathing, i

45 and-the strips 46 an'd52 is to provide sash heading and window silltrim somewhatnarrower to compensate for differences in width cfthejambsii v;From the.,-foregoing description, it will. be.

apparent'that I have provided a substantially. weather be readilyadaptedfor use in walls of different thicknesses. It will-also be apparent that1 of window frame; that is, a strip 52 similar I proof window framewhich may have provided a window frame construction to the headcasingorthrough thejambs or sill to thein sideof the-walh orto .the inside ofthe building of which the wall forms a part. The

tongue and groove construction is such' as 'to cause eachxmemberofftheframe to interlock with the other members so that there is onlyone'wayin which the frame can be setup exactly square. Ther'eis noopenjoint befrom feeding. back tween the side and head casings'of thepresent frame, since this joint is made weather proof by the tighttongue andigrooveconstruction.

The rabbeting of the lower. ends of 'the jambsto-eliminate' the ordinarywater trap formedby the partingbeadgroove is one of. themost importantfeatures of the invention, 1,; 'becausefit prevents the formationof awell'or ordinarily causes trap for ,thewater. which the l at this pointand allows the a p W t0 b drawn into the house by heat and capillaryattraction. o

The metallic weather strip between the 1 dow sill-andthe stool formsanother important element in the prevention of weather leaking throughthe frame into the interior of the building) The rabbeting of theoutside 1 12 0 casing at the lower ends forms a water tight joint withthe outside" weather drip shoulder of the sill.

. Thisshou'lder also forms a convenient stop against which the lower endof a V the outside casing may bepositioned and nailed.

The continuous wedge is an essential part of a window frame of thistype, because the sill thereof is designed to have-the slope about threetimes, as great as that which is normally employed in v ordinary windowframe con-,

its.

V the annexed claims.

1,29 window stool rabbeted to contact with the 3 having a rabbet formedin its lower face between the sides thereof, and a continuous wedgeshaped member'seated in said rabbet ing its lower edge groovedthroughout its "*9 having transverse dados formed therein, a

struction. Moreover, this wedge forms a solid base to receive the impactof the sashes as they are lowered in the frame, and thereby preventsseparation of the sill from the lower ends of the jambs.

While I have described my, invention as embodied in concrete form and asoperating in a specific manner in accordance with the provisions of thepatent statutes, it should be understood that Ido not limit my inventionthereto, since various modifications thereof will suggest themselves tothose skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of myinvention, the scope of which is set forth in What I claim is:

' 1. In a window frame, a sill having an upstanding portion formed onits upper face and extending along the rear side thereof, a

edge of and seat on said portion, said stool and portion being providedwith registeringgrooves, and a tongue seated in said grooves.

2. Ina window frame construction, a sill to give the sill apredetermined slopewhen the lower face of the wedge is seated on ahorizontal support. 1 V

3. In a window frame construction, a sill, a pair of jambs and a head,and outside cas V ings tongued andgrooved to said jarnbs and head, thehead of said outside casings havlength to receive tongues on the upperends of the stiles of said casings and to form a water drip groovebetweensaid ends.

edge and 4.-In awindow frame construction, a sill pair of jambs havingtongues at their lower ends filling said dados and having shouldersbutted against'the upper face of said sill, eachljamb having a tonguealong. its outside centered in alignment with the tongues on said-ends,outside casings ooved to receive the tongues'on saidjam s, and 1 blindstops secured-to said jambsl and the edges of said casings.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

CLAUDE HORTMAN.-

